Cell survival assay Cells were seeded in 96-well plates and treated on the second day with the given concentration of PTL for another 48 hours and then subjected to SRB or MTT assay. For SRB assay, live cell number was estimated as described earlier [33]. After treatment, the medium was discarded firstly. In order to fix the adherent cells,

100 μ1 of cold trichloroacetic acid (10% (w/v)) were adding to each well and incubating at 4°C for at least 1 hour. The plates were then washed five times with deionized water and dried in the air. Each well were then added with 50 μ1 of SRB solution (0.4% w/v selleck kinase inhibitor in 1% acetic acid) and incubated for 5 min at room temperature. The plates were washed five times with 1% acetic acid to remove unbound SRB and then air dried. The residual bound SRB was solubilized with 100 μ1 of 10 mM Tris base buffer (pH 10.5), and then read using a microtiter plate ICG-001 in vitro reader at 495 nm. The MTT assay was executed following the manufacturer’s protocol of Cell Proliferation Kit I (Roche Applied Science, Brandford, CT, USA). 20 μl MTT (5 mg/ml) were added to each sample and incubate at 37° for 4 h, then 100 μl solubilization

solution were added. Cell viability was determined at 595 nm. Cell cycle analysis Cell cycle was evaluated by DNA flow cytometry analysis. Cells were treated with different concentrations of PTL (0, 5, 10, 20 μM) for 24hours. After Tipifarnib concentration treatment, the cells were harvested and washed twice with ice PBS, then fixed in 70% ethanol at -20°C overnight. Before analysis, cells were washed again with ice PBS, incubated with PI (100 μg/ml) and RNase (50 μg/ml) in the dark for 30 min. Then samples were analyzed by FACScan flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA) [34]. Western blot analysis Whole cell protein lysates were prepared and analyzed by Western blot according to the protocol described previously [35]. Cells were harvested and rinsed with pro-cold PBS. Then cell extracts were lysed and centrifuged at 4°C for 15 minutes. Whole cell protein lysates (40 μg) were electrophoresed through 12%

denaturing polyacrylamide slab gels and then transferred to a Hybond enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) membrane by electroblotting. The proteins were probed with the appropriate primary antibodies and subsequently with secondary antibodies. The antibody below binding was detected by the ECL system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), according to the manufacturer’s protocol. siRNA transfection siRNAs targeting sequences of TNFRSF10B, ATF4 and DDIT3 have been described previously and synthesized by GenePharma (Shanghai, China) [36]. The target sequence of PMAIP1 is 5′-GGAAGUCGAGUGUGCUACU-3′. The transfection of siRNA was following the manufacturer’s protocol of X-tremeGENE Transfection Reagent (Roche Molecular Biochemicals, Mannheim, Germany). Cells were seeded in 6-well plates and transfected with control or target siRNA on the second day.