Malaysian respondents were more reluctant to provide income information. The majority of Malaysian respondents smoked FM cigarettes, whereas about a third of the Thais were exclusive RYO users. Impact of the New Warnings in Thailand The descriptive results showing the change over time in reactions to the warning labels among Thai and Malaysian smokers Belinostat ptcl are presented in Table 2. The results of the GEE analyses revealed that, as hypothesized, there was a significant country by time interaction effect for all label effectiveness measures (all ps < .001). The relevant statistics are presented in Table 3. Following the introduction of the new larger and pictorial Thai warnings (just after Wave 1), reported salience and the cognitive and behavioral reactions to the warnings all showed a significant increase from Waves 1 to 2 among the Thai smokers; but the same measures generally showed no change over the same period among the Malaysian smokers.

The effects for all measures were generally sustained in Thailand by Wave 3 (about 18 months later) with further significant increases for quit-related thoughts and avoidance behavior. No significant changes occurred between Waves 2 and 3 for any of these measures in Malaysia. Table 2. Reactions to Warning Labels Over Time, by Country and by Type of Cigarette Smoked (Thailand Only) Table 3. Results of the GEE Analyses Testing the Baseline Country Differences,the Change Over Time for Each Country, and the Country �� Time Interaction forLabel-Relevant Outcome Variables Moderating Effect of Type of Cigarette Smoked Among Thai Smokers The descriptive results revealed that there were baseline differences in effectiveness measures by type of cigarette smoked (see Table 2).

The results of the GEE analyses (see Table 4) revealed that at baseline (Wave 1) Thai smokers who used any FM cigarettes were more likely to notice (OR = 4.25, 95% CI: 2.92�C6.17, < .001) and read the warnings (OR = 3.74, 95% CI: 2.24�C6.14, p < .001) than those who smoked exclusively RYO cigarettes. At baseline, Thai FM users were also more likely to say that warning labels made them think about the health risks of smoking (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.18�C2.72, p < .01) and that warnings made them more likely to quit smoking (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.19�C2.46, p < .01) than those who smoked exclusively RYO. A significant interaction by type of cigarette smoked was found for the two cognitive measures (risk and quit-related thoughts, see Table 4) but not for the two measures of warning salience. AV-951 Thai exclusive RYO users showed a significantly greater increase in warning-induced risks and quit-related thoughts between Waves 1 and 3 compared to their FM counterparts. Table 4.