The processed gray matter tissue volumes

were compared among the three groups. Both the BD II and BD I group showed gray matter deficits in the ventromedial prefrontal regions, compared to controls. The BD I group had widespread gray matter reductions in the bilateral frontal, temporal, parietal and parahippocampal cortices, compared to controls. However, gray matter reductions in these regions were not found in the BD II Panobinostat group. With a less conservative statistical threshold, the BD II group showed additional gray matter deficits in the anterior limbic cortices. Our data suggest that gray matter deficits in the ventromedial prefrontal and anterior limbic cortices are common in both BD II and BD I. On the other hand, different pattern of gray matter abnormalities between BY II and BD I found in this study supports that two subtypes may have different neurobiological

characteristics. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“We determined muscle fiber type-specific hypertrophy and changes in satellite cell (SC) content following a 12-week resistance training program in 13 healthy, elderly men (72 +/- 2 years). Leg strength and body composition (dual-energy PF-562271 in vitro X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography) were assessed, and muscle biopsy samples were collected. Leg strength increased 25%-30% after training (p < .001). Leg lean

mass and quadriceps cross-sectional area increased 6%-9% (p < .001). At baseline, mean fiber area and SC content were smaller in the Type II versus Type I muscle fibers (p < .01). Following training, Type II muscle fiber area increased from 5,438 +/- 319 to 6,982 +/- 503 mu m(2) (p < .01). Type II muscle fiber SC content increased from 0.048 +/- 0.003 to 0.084 +/- 0.008 SCs per fiber (p < .001). No changes were observed in the Type I muscle fibers. In older adults, skeletal muscle tissue is still capable of inducing SC proliferation and differentiation, resulting in Type II muscle fiber hypertrophy.”
“BACKGROUND

Barrett’s esophagus, a condition of intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus, is associated with an increased SB273005 in vivo risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. We assessed whether endoscopic radiofrequency ablation could eradicate dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus and decrease the rate of neoplastic progression.

METHODS

In a multicenter, sham-controlled trial, we randomly assigned 127 patients with dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus in a 2: 1 ratio to receive either radiofrequency ablation (ablation group) or a sham procedure (control group). Randomization was stratified according to the grade of dysplasia and the length of Barrett’s esophagus. Primary outcomes at 12 months included the complete eradication of dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia.