Regression models were used to simultaneously assess the effect of age, BMI, and gender on predefined outcomes. In this case, appropriate transformations were performed so that all residuals had equal variability and so that residuals showed an approximately normal distribution. All P values are two-sided and a P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsIn selleck chemicals llc this study 180 students were trained in their respective schools. Of these students 16 (8.9%) refused testing, one (0.6%) had a scheduling issue, and one (0.6%) agreed only to the evaluation of the emergency call and recovery position. Thus, 162 students underwent evaluation, 151 were present on the day of practical testing and finished all parts of the evaluation. None of the students had attended first aid training before participating in this study.

The average time from the last class to the evaluation session was 120 days. Demographic data are displayed in Table Table2.2. Students tested included those with special learning needs; most students were age appropriate for their education grade class (e.g. 9 years of age in the fourth grade of primary school).Table 2DemographicsBasic life support skillsStudents (n = 151) were tested for their knowledge of the telephone number of the local emergency medical services and 95% gave it correctly. The correct address and nature of the emergency was provided by 98%, the adequate number of victims indicated by 96%, and their contact details for possible call back was left by 93%.

These 151 students were also tested for their adherence to a checklist during the check for vital signs; 85% assessed responsiveness, 83% gently shook the patient, and 44% called for help. The airway was opened correctly by 70% and 80% checked for breathing.Due to technical problems during CPR evaluation, some subsets of data (e.g. ventilation) were recorded incorrectly by a few students. Thus data for 147 students is reported for students demonstrating CPR on an evaluation mannequin. In this group, 86% performed CPR technically correctly, providing 30 chest compressions, followed by two breathes. However, only 69% of all students tilted the head to open the airway for mouth-to-mouth ventilation (Table (Table33).Table 3Primary outcome variablesOf the 151 data sets analyzed for correct placement in the recovery position, 97% of the students were successful, and, in addition, 68% tilted the head back to open the airway.Determinants of appropriate chest compressionThe influence of age on the depth of chest compression was not significant (r = 0.14; P = 0.10). In contrast, the depth of compression was dependent on BMI (r = 0.35; P < 0.0001), and individually on body AV-951 weight (r = 0.38; P < 0.0001), and body height (r = 0.31; P = 0.0002).