This study presents a retrospectively reviewed consecutive series of fifty-one patients who underwent revision total hip arthroplasty through the anterior approach utilizing various Sapitinib extensions of this technique. The anatomic approach is discussed as well as problems as encountered in our series.”
“The L1(0) FePt phase material has potential applications for magnetic recording and permanent magnets due to its high magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy density. The heat treatment of [Fe/Pt](n) multilayer films is one approach to form the L1(0) FePt phase at a lower processing temperature, which is highly desirable for its applications.

This paper reports the influence of film total thickness (8-100 nm) on the structure and magnetic properties of annealed [Fe/Pt](n) multilayer MI-503 purchase films. A novel technique

based on hollow cone dark field transmission electron microscopy is used to determine the L1(0) phase fraction and grain size in the annealed films. It was found that the L1(0) phase fraction and grain size, ordering, and magnetic properties are strongly dependent on the total film thicknesses. An L1(0) FePt phase fraction close to 100% is achieved for a thick [Fe/Pt](n) multilayer film (100 nm) annealed at 400 degrees C for 1 h, while a value of only 36% is achieved for a thin film (8 nm) annealed at the same condition. In this work the L1(0) FePt phase nucleation density is also presented. These results suggest that the L1(0)

phase formation is nucleation limited, and that the subsequent growth of L1(0) phase grains also strongly influences the structure and magnetic properties of the annealed films. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: Alpelisib ic50 10.1063/1.3073842]“
“Over the course of last two decades, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has emerged as a viable candidate for label-free detection and characterization for a large pool of biological interactions, ranging from hybridization of oligonucleotides to high throughput drug-screening. Conventional SPR bio-sensing involves a step-response method where the SPR sensorgram in response to a switched sequential flow of analyte and buffer is plotted in real-time and fitted to an exponential curve to extract the associative and dissociative reaction rates. Such measurement schemes involve continuous flow conditions where a substantial reagent volume is consumed and is subject to dispersive mixing at flow switching zones. In this paper, we demonstrate a new plug-train SPR technique in a microfluidic chip that separates and singulates solvent plugs in analyte and buffer by an immiscible air phase. Bio-samples are first discretized within plug droplets with volumes in order of few hundred nanoliters or less followed by pressure-driven transport onto SPR sensing sites of this hydrophobically modified SPR microdevise.

2011;4:367-374.)”
“Purpose of reviewA noninvasive detection of allograft rejection is one of the major objectives in the management of heart transplant recipients. Endomyocardial biopsy still remains MAPK inhibitor the gold standard for diagnosing rejection; however, it is invasive, expensive, and subject to sampling error and interobserver variability. Advances in echocardiographic techniques provide an important role for the reliable detection of rejection. This article reviews recently developed echocardiographic modalities and their clinical utility for rejection monitoring

in transplant recipients.Recent findingsConventional two-dimentional (2D)-echocardiographic and Doppler echocardiographic parameters can be useful to detect an increase in left ventricular (LV) mass and diastolic and/or systolic dysfunction associated with acute rejection; however, these parameters are not sufficiently reliable to guide the treatment strategy of asymptomatic, clinically stable patients. Tissue-Doppler Imaging (TDI), which is now widely used, has been reported to detect rejection more accurately than conventional parameters. More recently, 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE)-derived LV torsion and strain parameters, which are calculated by off-line using conventional

2D images, are expected to detect subclinical rejection.SummaryConsidering the advantages of TDI and 2D-STE over conventional echocardiograms, including pre-load and after-load independency, angle-independency and simple-offline calculation, such newly developed echocardiographic modalities β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide solubility dmso will emerge as useful follow-up tools SBC-115076 cell line for monitoring rejection in transplant recipients.”
“It is well known that applied mechanical stresses could have a strong adverse effect on the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic media. In power devices, mechanical clamping mechanisms of core lamination stacks could, thus, alter their overall performance. This paper presents an automated approach through

which field computation of nonlinear media subject to mechanical stress may be performed. In this approach, clamped zones are assumed to posses zero strain and magnetization induced stresses are deduced from prohibited magnetostriction. Details of the approach as well as simulation results are given in the paper. (c) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3058625]“
“Background-Rare mutations of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) lead to mendelian forms of salt-sensitive hypertension or salt-wasting hypotension. We aimed to examine the association between common variants in the ENaC genes and salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP).

Methods and Results-A total of 1906 Han Chinese participated in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Salt Sensitivity (GenSalt) study, which includes a 7-day low-sodium intake (51.3 mmol sodium/d) followed by a 7-day high-sodium intake (307.8 mmol sodium/d).

5 by an inverse correlation between the level of En2 expression and PLC4 and EPHA4.”
“Phytochemical investigation of the defatted seeds of Entada phaseoloides Merill. (Mimosaceae) led to the isolation of three new phenolic acid glucosides, which were characterized as 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoyl-beta-L-glucopyranoside Selleckchem Salubrinal (p-cresotyl glucoside, 1), 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoyl-beta-L-glucopyranosyl (2 -> 1)-beta-L-glucopyranosyl (2 -> 1)-beta-L-glucopyranoside (p-cresotyl triglucoside, 2), and 2-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-L-glucopyranosyl (2 -> 1)-beta-L-glucopyranosyl (2 -> 1)-beta-L-glucopyranosyl (2 -> 1)-beta-L- glucopyranoside (salicylic acid tetraglucoside,

5), along with sucrose and triglucoside. The structures of these phytoconstituents have been established on the basis of spectral data analysis and chemical reactions.”
“Parthenium hysterophorus L. is an obnoxious

weed of the family asteraceae recognized for its detrimental effects and significant economic losses to agriculture. In this study 42 endophytic streptomycetes strains were isolated from its roots and leaves. The isolates were identified by morphological, microscopic, biochemical and physiological characterization as members of genus Streptomyces. SNX-5422 In 16S rRNA gene sequencing the selected isolates exhibited maximum similarity with Streptomyces rochei (99%), Streptomyces litmocidini (99%), Streptomyces enissocaesili (99%), Streptomyces djakartensis (99%), Streptomyces olivaceus (99%), Streptomyces spp (99%), Streptomyces plicatus (99%), Streptomyces geysiriensis (99%) and Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus (99%). In biological screening the crude extracts of 12 strains exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against multi drug resistant nosocomial pathogens including Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Bacillus, Escherichia colt, Staphlococcus aureus and Candida albicans. In chemical screening by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) the extracts exhibited an impressive diversity of the bioactive secondary metabolites.

Additionally High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-UV) chromatographs revealed many impressive peaks of unidentified bioactive metabolites. As such this is a first study reporting the isolation, identification and screening of endophytic Streptomyces from the invasive YM155 Apoptosis inhibitor weed. The results provide an insight into an untapped endophytic environment yet to be explored which might be a promising source of lead antimicrobial agents.”
“Objectives: Several adhesive systems are available for cementation of fibre posts into the root canal. The aim of the present study was to investigate the push-out bond strengths of quartz fibre posts to root dentin with the use of different total-etch and self-adhesive resin cements.

Study Design: Ninety single-rooted human premolars were endodontically treated and standardized post-spaces were prepared.

v.). The transplanted cells are found in the infarcted hemisphere and the spleen. The goal of this project was to click here determine the nature of the interaction between the HUCB MNCs and splenic immune cells. Male Sprague Dawley rats underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and received i.v. injection of either vehicle (MCAO only), HUCB MNCs, or MNCs depleted of CD14+ monocytes, CD133+ stem cells, or CD19+ B cells 48 h poststroke.

At 72 h post-MCAO, the animals were euthanized, and the spleens and blood MNCs were harvested for flow cytometry and mitogen proliferation assays. All HUCB cell preparations decreased the percentage of T cells in the spleen and monocytes in the blood (p < 0.05). MNCs depleted of CD14+ and CD19+ decreased the percentage of macrophage (p < 0.001), while CD133-depleted MNCs increased the percentage of macrophage in the spleen (p < 0.001); MNC did not alter the macrophage population from the level observed after MCAO. Only HUCB MNC

significantly decreased concanavalin A-induced T cell stimulation VX-765 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the effects of HUCB MNC in the spleen are not due to a single HUCB population, but the interaction of all the subpopulations together.”
“Volume-rendering computed tomography (CT) without contrast medium has clearly demonstrated the 3-D mapping of the saphenous vein (SV). Contrastless volume-rendering CT was used to preoperatively evaluate the SV anatomy before coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This technique was useful for atypical anatomical variations, such as partial duplication of SV (Case 1) or varicose veins (Case 2). Volume-rendering CT may also help with redo CABG (to determine remaining

SV) or during endoscopic SV harvesting with restricted view. Volume-rendering CT is an objective, less time-consuming modality to evaluate the SV preoperatively and may be less invasive in terms of avoiding unnecessary skin incision.”
“Cell therapies utilizing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could overcome limitations of traditional treatments for reconstructing craniofacial tissues. This large-scale study explored a standardized methodology for the isolation and clinical-scale expansion of alveolar bone marrow-derived MSCs (aBMSCs). We harvested 103 alveolar bone marrow samples from 45 patients using 1 of 3 standardized methodologies. Following aBMSC isolation, buy CX-4945 cells were characterized through cell-surface marker expression and lineage-specific differentiation. Long-term cultures (> 50 population doublings [PDs]) were evaluated for transformational changes through senescence, gene expression, and karyotyping. Finally, aBMSC bone-forming potential was determined in vivo. More than 0.5 cc of bone marrow was needed to predictably isolate aBMSCs, and, regardless of methodology for harvest, cell-surface marker expression of CD73, CD90, CD105, and Stro-1 was similar for aBMSCs, being 89.8%, 98.8%, 93.8%, and 3.

The mean time to final follow-up (and standard deviation) was 6.3 +/- 2.9 years.

Results: Seven hundred and twenty-two ankles (684 patients) were available for survivorship analysis at the latest follow-up. The overall survival rates were 94% and 84% after five and ten years, respectively. Sixty-one ankles had a revision arthroplasty (twenty-seven both components, thirteen the tibial component only, and fourteen the talar component only) or were converted to a fusion

Selleckchem ALK inhibitor (seven ankles). There were no polyethylene failures. There were no amputations. The generation category of the prosthesis, the cause of ankle osteoarthritis, and the age of the patient were identified as independent risk factors for prosthesis failure.

Conclusions: The midterm survivorship of the HINTEGRA implant was comparable with that

of other third-generation total ankle replacements.”
“P>Glucosinolates are plant secondary metabolites involved in responses to biotic stress. The final step of their synthesis is the transfer of a sulfo group from 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) onto a desulfo precursor. Thus, glucosinolate synthesis is linked to sulfate assimilation. The sulfate donor for this reaction is synthesized from sulfate in two steps catalyzed by ATP sulfurylase (ATPS) and adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate kinase (APK). Here we demonstrate that R2R3-MYB transcription factors, which are known to regulate both aliphatic and indolic glucosinolate biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, also control genes of SB431542 in vitro primary sulfate metabolism. Using trans-activation assays we found that two isoforms of APK, APK1, and APK2, are regulated by both classes of glucosinolate selleck inhibitor MYB transcription factors; whereas two ATPS genes, ATPS1 and ATPS3, are differentially regulated by these two groups of MYB factors. In addition, we show that the adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductases APR1, APR2, and APR3, which participate in primary sulfate reduction, are also activated by the MYB factors. These observations were

confirmed by analysis of transgenic lines with modulated expression levels of the glucosinolate MYB factors. The changes in transcript levels also affected enzyme activities, the thiol content and the sulfate reduction rate in some of the transgenic plants. Altogether the data revealed that the MYB transcription factors regulate genes of primary sulfate metabolism and that the genes involved in the synthesis of activated sulfate are part of the glucosinolate biosynthesis network.”
“Polyclonal antibody bound cellulose support has been exploited for the immobilization and stabilization of beta galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae. Immunoaffinity bound beta galactosidase retained 96.5% of the initial. activity on the Support. Immobilized beta galactosidase showed broad-spectrum pH optima. pH 4.6-5.5 and temperature at 50-60 degrees C whereas the soluble enzyme exhibited activity peak at pH 4.6 and 50 degrees C.

This is the first report of a case of rare postoperative complication resulted in an avascularized corneal scar and permanent reduction of the visual mTOR inhibitor acuity.”
“Crystalline cellulose was extracted from one of the cheapest source; grass by alkali, acid, and mechanical treatments. To evaluate the reinforcing effect of this filter, biodegradable polymer matrix, polylactic acid (PLA) was used and samples were prepared at different

concentrations. The modified whiskers were also used as filler to examine the effect on mechanical properties. Crystallinity, thermal behavior, surface morphology and functional group variation was monitored through, XRD, TGA, SEM, and FTIR respectively. The properties were largely depending on the concentration of filler whereas; modification of hydroxyl groups did not exhibit remarkable change in mechanical properties. Thermal resistance was decreased in comparison of neat matrix and reduction in crystallinity was also observed for composites, regardless of filler nature. It was thought that the hydrophilicity of cellulose Could be altered by modifying its hydroxyl groups, thereby promoting dispersion. However,

the possibility of phase separation was increased, and the thermal stability of the composites gradually decreased with increasing filler load in the matrix. In the examined systems, it was observed that improvement of reinforcing capacity may not only depend on the chemical compatibility between matrixes but also some BB-94 concentration compositional and physical parameters may be responsible for variation in properties. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 115: 2493-2501, 2010″
“Brain hemorrhage is the most fatal form of stroke and has the highest morbidity of any stroke subtype. Intraventricular extension of hemorrhage (IVH) is a particularly poor prognostic sign, with expected mortality between 50% and 80%. IVH is a significant and independent contributor to morbidity and mortality, yet therapy directed at ameliorating intraventricular clot has been limited.

Conventional therapy centers on managing hypertension and intracranial pressure while correcting coagulopathy and avoiding complications such as rebleeding and hydrocephalus. Surgical therapy alone has not changed the natural history of selleck screening library the disease significantly. However, fibrinolysis in combination with extraventricular drainage shows promise as a technique to reduce intraventricular clot volume and to manage the concomitant complications of IVH.”
“Ethyl acetate layer of methanol extract (TCE) of yellow myrobalan (Terminalia chebula) contains 2.4% of chebulic acid, a standard compound in TCE, which have a strong anti-oxidative effect and was reported in our previous study. Thirty-one male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (normal control, CCl4 control, TCE control, CCl4+high dose TCE, and low dose TCE). Liver fibrosis was induced by i.p. injection of CCl4 and TCE were orally administrated.

They also establish the existence of abnormal cerebellar morphologies that are dependent on cleft subtype as well as sex. This lends further support to the claim that CL/P and CPO are distinct conditions.”
“Phytochemical investigation of the stem of Dendrobium capillipes resulted in the isolation of a new flavonol glycoside namely quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-xylopyranoside, along with seven known phenolic compounds which included two flavonol glycosides and

selleck chemicals five bibenzyls. From the stem of Dendrobium secundum, a new compound named 5-hydroxy-3,4,3′,4′,5′-pentamethoxybibenzyl was characterized, together with two known bibenzyls and three glycosidic flavonoids. Some of the isolated bibenzyls showed cytotoxicity against KB, NCI-H187, and MCF-7 cancer cells, whereas all of the glycosidic flavonoids were devoid of activity.”
“A series of N-substituted morpholines 2-20 was synthesised by reacting various acid chlorides and alkyl halides with morpholine (1). All of the synthesised compounds 2-20 were screened for their leishmanicidal effects using amphotericin B (IC50 = 0.24 g L-1) and pentamidine (IC50 = 2.56 g mL-1) as standards and a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study was established. The compounds

2 (IC50 = 48 g mL-1), 3 (IC50 = 30.0 g mL-1), 10 (IC50 = 41.0 g mL-1), 15 (IC50 = 33.0 g mL-1), click here 16 (IC50 = 35.0 g mL-1) and 20 (IC50 = 47.0 g mL-1) showed weak leishmanicidal activities.”
“The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) is important for the metabolic fate of IgG antibodies in vivo. Analysis of the interaction between FcRn and IgG in vitro might provide insight into the structural and functional integrity of therapeutic IgG that may affect pharmacokinetics (PK) in vivo.

We developed a standardized pH gradient FcRn affinity liquid chromatography method with conditions closely resembling the physiological mechanism of interaction between IgG and FcRn. This method allows the separation of molecular IgG isoforms, degradation products and engineered molecules based on their affinity to FcRn. Human FcRn was immobilized PLX-4720 clinical trial on the column and a linear pH gradient from pH 5.5 to 8.8 was applied. FcRn chromatography was used in comparison to surface plasmon resonance to characterize different monoclonal IgG preparations, e.g., oxidized or aggregated species. Wild-type and engineered IgGs were compared in vitro by FcRn chromatography and in vivo by PK studies in huFcRn transgenic mice. Analytical FcRn chromatography allows differentiation of IgG samples and variants by peak pattern and retention time profile. The method can distinguish: 1) IgGs with different Fabs, 2) oxidized from native IgG, 3) aggregates from monomer and 4) antibodies with mutations in the Fc part from wild-type IgGs.

05 for rs16944, rs1143634, rs419598 and haplotype C-G-C (rs1143634, rs16944 and rs419598) previously implicated in risk of hip OA). The C-T-A haplotype formed by rs419598, rs315952 and rs9005, previously implicated in radiographic severity of knee OA, was associated with reduced severity of knee OA (odds ratio (OR) = 0.71 95% CI 0.56-0.91; P = 0.006, I(2) = 74%), and achieved borderline statistical significance in a random-effects model (OR = 0.61 95% CI 0.35-1.06 P=0.08).

Conclusion: Common genetic variation in the Interleukin-1 region is not associated

with prevalence of hip or knee OA but our data suggest that IL1RN might have a role in severity Doramapimod price of knee OA. (C) 2010 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All Momelotinib datasheet rights reserved.”
“The aim of this study is to report the effectiveness of a tongue flap for covering a large hard and soft tissue defect following cleft of the palate. A young patient diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent a surgical reconstruction of the cleft palate by Le Fort I osteotomy and palatal closure utilizing a tongue flap. The flap provided sound and lasting closure after the surgery, and the patient successfully healed. Our goal is to present this unique case and highlight how postoperative

results were good, safe, and predictable. We also hope to show that tongue transplantation as flap for hard and soft tissue reconstruction represents a valuable option in reconstruction, given the proper circumstances.”
“Background: The field of interventional cardiovascular MRI is hampered by the unavailability of active guidewires that are both safe and conspicuous. Heating of conductive Idasanutlin cost guidewires is difficult to predict in vivo and disruptive to measure using external probes. We describe a clinical-grade 0.035 ” (0.89 mm) guidewire for MRI right and left heart catheterization at 1.5 T that has an internal probe to monitor temperature in real-time, and that has both tip

and shaft visibility as well as suitable flexibility.

Methods: The design has an internal fiberoptic temperature probe, as well as a distal solenoid to enhance tip visibility on a loopless antenna. We tested different tip-solenoid configurations to balance heating and signal profiles. We tested mechanical performance in vitro and in vivo in comparison with a popular clinical nitinol guidewire.

Results: The solenoid displaced the point of maximal heating (“”hot spot”") from the tip to a more proximal location where it can be measured without impairing guidewire flexion. Probe pullback allowed creation of lengthwise guidewire temperature maps that allowed rapid evaluation of design prototypes. Distal-only solenoid attachment offered the best compromise between tip visibility and heating among design candidates. When fixed at the hot spot, the internal probe consistently reflected the maximum temperature compared external probes.

“
“PURPOSE: To characterize patients with late intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation to evaluate possible risk factors, determine the time between cataract surgery and IOL repositioning, describe the surgical management, and estimate the incidence.

SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, MoIndal, Sweden.

DESIGN: Case series.

METHODS: Medical records

from the cataract surgery and IOL repositioning were reviewed.

RESULTS: The study enrolled 84 eyes, 63 with in-the-bag IOL dislocation and 21 with out-of-the-bag IOL dislocation. The prevalence of pseudoexfoliation (PXF) was 60% and of glaucoma, 36%. A high proportion of eyes with IOL dislocation (37%) had zonular dehiscence JAK inhibitor at cataract surgery. The median time from cataract surgery to IOL repositioning surgery was significantly shorter in eyes with out-of-the-bag IOL dislocation (3.2 years) than in eyes with in-the-bag IOL dislocation (6.7 years) (P = .029). The interval was also significantly shorter in eyes with zonular dehiscence. Using data from the National Cataract Register, the calculated incidence of IOL repositioning surgery per pseudophakic individuals in western Sweden was 0.050%.

CONCLUSIONS: The possible

major predisposing factors for late IOL dislocation were PXF, glaucoma, and cataract surgery complicated by zonular dehiscence. Primary placement of the IOL in the ciliary sulcus was associated with earlier IOL dislocation. Intraocular lens repositioning surgery using a posterior learn more or anterior approach was successful in many cases.”
“Cellulose is an important biomass in natural material fields. Reactive polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (R-POSS) bearing multi-N-methylol groups is novel high reactive POSS monomer. The nano-cellulose hybrids containing R-POSS were synthesized by crosslinking reaction. It was interesting to investigate properties and applications of hybrids containing

R-POSS. GSK126 In this work, nano-cellulose hybrids as novel biosorbent were used for adsorpting copper and nickel ions in aqueous solution. Adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherm of Cu2+ and Ni2+ on the nano-cellulose hybrids were investigated. The results showed that R-POSS had been grafted to cellulose macromolecule. The nano-cellulose hybrids could form new adsorptive position for heavy metal ions. The adsorption capacities of hybrid materials were obviously higher than that of control cellulose. The adsorption of heavy metal ions on nano-cellulose hybrids followed the second-order model. The equilibrium isotherms for adsorpting copper and nickel ions on the hybrids followed Langmuir isotherm model. Nano-cellulose materials containing POSS as biosorbents or ultrafiltration membranes would be used in separation of toxic heavy metal ions. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Modern diagnostic methods are useful for the recognition of CNS complications in uremic patients. Data concerning visual evoked potentials (VEPs) of chronic renal failure (CRF) patients is limited.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to assess and compare VEPs abnormalities in CRF patients managed by only medical therapy (pre-dialysis) or medical therapy plus renal replacement therapy (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) or hemodialysis (HD)).

Materials and methods: Fifty-nine patients diagnosed with CRF of various etiologies were divided into 3 groups according to the treatment

modalities used to manage CRF; pre-dialysis group, HD group and CAPD group. For the comparison of VEPs parameters, BMS202 in vivo an age matched control group was formed with 10 healthy subjects.

Results: Bilateral N2 latency (p<0.001), bilateral P2 latency (p=0.003), right N2 latency (p=0.006) and left VEP N2 latency (p=0.002) in the HD group was significantly higher than the control group. The CAPD group had significantly increased bilateral N2 latency (p<0.001), right eye VEP N2 latency (p=0.004), right eye P2 latency (p=0.001), left eye N2 latency (p=0.005) and left eye P2 latency (p=0.001) levels than the control group.

There was no significant difference between VEPs of the CAPD and HD groups.

Conclusion: The renal replacement treatments that we evaluated have similar effects on VEPs. Diminished VEPs indicating click here visual neuronal system damage were observed, when CRF progresses. CNS dysfunctions can be diagnosed and additional therapeutic approaches could be followed using VEPs during the treatment of CRF.”
“A 70% ethanol extract from the roots of Livistona chinensis has been investigated, led to the isolation of 18 compounds, including two new 6′-O-acyl-beta-D-glucosyl-beta-sitosterols, 6′-O-(2 ”-hydroxyheptadecanoyl)-beta-D-glucosyl-beta-sitosterol (1) and 6′-O-(icosa-9 ” Z,12 ” Z-dienoyl)-beta-D-glucosyl-beta-sitosterol (2), two new keto GKT137831 esters, ethyl 16-(dodeca-4”’ Z,7”’ Z-dienyl)-29-oxo-15-(tetradeca-5 ” Z,8 ” Z,11 ” Z-trienyl) triacontanoate (7), and 16-hydroxy-8-oxohexadecyl

tetradecanoate (9), a new unsaturated fatty acid, tetracosa-(11Z,14Z,18Z)-trienoic acid (8), as well as a new fatty alcohol, 10-decylnonadecane-1,19-diol (10). The structures of new compounds were elucidated, based on spectroscopic and chemical methods. The antiproliferative activity against four human tumor cell lines (K562, HL-60, HepG2, and CNE-1) was evaluated. Four compounds (1-3, 5) showed potent antiproliferative effects with the IC50 of 10-100 mu M. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of 6′-O-acyl-beta-D-glucosyl-beta-sitosterol and 3-O-acyl-beta-sitosterol in the genus Livistona. Keto fatty acids and their esters are also rare in higher plant. (C) 2012 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.